At present, there are many testing institutions in the international textile and apparel market. According to whether the institutions are established by the government, they can be divided into official inspection agencies and independent inspection agencies. The official inspection agency is a supervision and inspection institution established by the government, which strictly carries out strict inspection and management of relevant import and export commodities in accordance with the provisions of laws and administrative regulations. Independent inspection agencies are semi-official or private commodity inspection agencies established by chambers of commerce, associations, trade associations or private individuals, and are responsible for the inspection and appraisal of international trade goods. Since the civil liability of the independent inspection agency is different from the administrative responsibility of the official commodity inspection agency, it is more easily accepted by buyers and sellers in international trade. According to the requirements of the client, the independent inspection agency provides flexible, timely and impartial inspection and appraisal services for trade parties with their own technology, reputation and familiarity with international trade. It has become the test market by the mutual trust of foreign trade relations. Mainstream power. Official inspection agency - the official inspection agency in the United States In the United States, it is customary to say "commodity inspection" and "product inspection." In addition to product inspection, there is also a “service item” inspection. The product inspection agencies established by the federal government are basically the competent authorities for the import, export and domestic product inspection. Japan's official inspection agency According to the Japanese state administrative system, various government departments have implemented division of labor management on import and export commodity inspection within the scope of their own division of labor. The Ministry of Commerce and Industry (in charge of all industrial production and commerce, foreign trade, etc.) is responsible for the inspection and management of import and export of industrial products; the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (in charge of the production of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and food, etc.) is responsible for the import and export of agricultural and forestry aquatic products and food. Inspection and quarantine management; Ministry of Health and Welfare (in charge of national medical and health affairs) is responsible for the inspection and management of imported and exported foods, pharmaceuticals and other health aspects; the Ministry of Transport (in charge of sea, land and air passenger and cargo transportation matters) is responsible for the import and export of goods in the cloud and Safety inspection management. The official inspection agency of the European Union The official inspection agency of the European Union is organized in a similar manner to the United States. It is also managed by various government departments according to the category of commodities, and is subject to inspection and supervision by the relevant laws or government approval. For example, the German Technical Inspection Agency Network (TUV) is officially recognized and in charge of the quality of the goods in the market; the British Standards Institute (BSI) is responsible for the development of standards and implementation of inspection and certification; the Dutch Ministry of Health is in charge of pharmaceuticals and food, the Ministry of Economics is responsible for electrical appliances and Measuring instruments, the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries is in charge of aquatic products and agricultural products, the Ministry of Environmental Protection is in charge of building materials, chemicals and dangerous goods, the Ministry of Transportation is in charge of vehicles and aircraft, and the Ministry of Social Security is in charge of the inspection and supervision of nuclear energy. There are corresponding inspection agencies under the ministries, such as the Food Inspection Bureau under the Ministry of Health, the Meat Inspection Bureau, and the Agricultural Products Inspection Bureau under the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. The EU has established a joint system of official/private institutions to monitor all technical regulations. Official agencies are responsible for the development of regulations and their standards and sample review systems by product category. Private or semi-official agencies are responsible for setting mandatory and non-mandatory standards and performing most of the testing, inspection, and management tasks. The activities of the statutory scope mainly include testing, inspection, certification and accreditation. Independent Inspection Agency - Swiss General Public Notary (SGS) SOCIETE GENERALE DESURVEILLANCE SA is the world's largest group of companies specializing in international commodity inspection, testing and certification. It is a private influence in international trade. Independent inspection agency. Founded in 1878, SGS is headquartered in Geneva. According to 1994, SGS employs 274 branches, more than 1,150 offices and 291 laboratories in 142 countries around the world, employing nearly 30,000 people. The annual commodity inspection business accounts for 5% of the total world trade. SGS is a comprehensive inspection agency that performs a variety of physical, chemical and metallurgical analyses, including destructive and non-destructive testing, providing the client with a complete quantity and quality inspection and related technical services, providing shipping The former inspection service provides various services related to international trade such as commodity technology, transportation, warehousing, etc., and supervises all or any part of the commercial trade that has been associated with the purchase and sale, trade, raw materials, industrial equipment, and consumer goods. Operation process. Within SGS, according to the classification of commodities, the Ministry of Agriculture, the Department of Mineral Chemistry and Metallurgy, the Non-Destructive Laboratory, the National Government Contract Services Department, the Transportation and Storage Department, the Industrial Engineering Product Service Division, the Risk and Insurance Services Department, etc. department. SGS's business in China is undertaken by the SGS China Affairs Department of Hong Kong. SGS and China's State Bureau of Technical Supervision each set up a "common standard inspection company", mainly handling CISS business. ITS ITS is an international commodity inspection organization headquartered in London. In order to strengthen its competitive position in the world trade, ITS established its own inspection group by purchasing the world's prestigious and powerful inspection agencies. ITS Group includes Jiabi Group, Intertek International, Anna Labs, Yingzhijie Lloyd Agency (Hanke International Group, Matthews Daniel), Intertek Service Company and Intertek International Service Co., Ltd. Wait. These affiliates operate independently and each has its own professional and technical personnel and equipment to provide services in its own name. Japan Maritime Accreditation Association (NKKK) Japan Maritime Accreditation Association (NIPPON KAIJI KENTEI KYOKAI, English name JAPAN MARINE SURVEYORS & SWORN MEASURERS ASSOCIATION) was founded in 1913, is a corporate association inspection association, mainly for the public interest. NKKK headquarters In Tokyo, in addition to inspection offices in various ports in the country, there are overseas offices in Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, the Philippines and Indonesia. At present, NKKK has more than 70 branches established at home and abroad, and its business scope is very wide. The main inspection items are: hatch inspection, stowage identification, status inspection, damage identification, water gauge weight measurement, liquid measurement, weight measurement. And physical and chemical inspection, etc., also accept continuous inspection from the manufacturer to the shipment or from the unloading to the support. NKKK has signed a long-term entrusted inspection agreement with China Commodity Inspection Agency. Over the years, both parties have had close mutual entrusted inspection services and frequent technical exchanges. New Japan Appraisal Association (SK) The New Japan Appraisal Association (SHIN NIHOM KENTEI KYOKAI, English name NEW JAPAN SURVRYORS AND SWORN MEASURERS ASSOCIATION) was founded in 1948 and is a consortium of Japanese legal inspection associations serving the financial interests of the consortium. Its main business is maritime verification, general inspection, container inspection, physical and chemical analysis and general cargo inspection. Headquartered in Tokyo, SK has 9 branches, 22 offices, 2 laboratories across the country, and has its offices, offices or agents in Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia and other countries. SK has signed agency contracts with customers in South Korea, the United States, and Pakistan, and has good entrusted business relationships with Chinese commodity inspection agencies. Japan Overseas Goods Inspection Co., Ltd. (OMIC) Japan Overseas Goods Inspection Co., Ltd. (JAPAN OVSEASMERCHANDISE INSPECTION COMPANY) is a limited international company with relatively complete inspection technology and equipment approved by the Ministry of Transport, Agriculture, Forestry and Health, Japan. Inspection company. Its main inspection business is industrial inspection, fertilizer, chemicals, pharmaceutical inspection, mineral inspection and crop local product inspection. In addition, OMIC also accepts foreign inspection business designated by the Japanese government. OMIC was founded in 1954 and is headquartered in Tokyo. The company has nine departments including a general affairs department, a business department, a finance department, an inspection department, a consulting department, a grain department, a fat and feed food department, a steel department, and a mechanical complete equipment department, and a central research institute. It has branches or offices in Osaka, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, Kitakyushu, and Nagoya, and has branches in Thailand, Poland, Malaysia, India, the Philippines, and Canada. OMIC has signed business cooperation agreements with inspection agencies or trading companies in more than 70 countries around the world, and signed a cooperation agreement with China Commodity Inspection Corporation (CCIC). CCIC handles China's exports to Nigeria, Pakistan, Iran and other countries. The pre-ship inspection business, on behalf of which it issues a Cleanup Report (CRF) for customs clearance of merchants in the importing country. US Security Laboratory (UL) UNDERWRITERS LABORA TO-RIES INC. was founded in 1894 and is headquartered in Northbrook, Ill., in Long Island, New York, Tampa, Florida, California. There are branches in Santa Clara and other places. UL is the most authoritative and the world's largest private inspection agency for testing, testing and appraising various types of electrical products. The laws of many states in the United States expressly stipulate that home appliances without the UL mark are not allowed to be sold in the market. In the United States, regardless of individuals, families, schools, institutions, in the market to buy electric fans, electric irons, electric tweezers, hair dryers, electric ovens, microwave ovens, electric water heaters, electric massagers and other household appliances, as long as you see stickers The UL mark is reassuring and has a sense of security. This is due to the fact that UL has long established a reputation for safety performance in mechanical and electrical products for more than 90 years. UL engineering inspection is divided into six departments: anti-theft and signal, disaster and chemical hazards, electrical, fire, heating, air conditioning and refrigeration, marine supplies. UL's business is mainly to provide safety performance audit, testing, appraisal and tracking test and inspection in the production process of building materials, fireproof equipment, mechanical and electrical equipment, marine equipment, oil and gas equipment, etc. according to UL standards. Stick the UL mark. UL product standards are self-contained. The test appraisal focuses on product safety performance. For example, the switch, transformer, wire and other products of large and small appliances must be tested in multiple tests. If it is certified to meet the requirements of the UL standard, it will be approved, and the listing, production and UL mark will be permitted. . UL personnel may go to 2E/- without prior notice to determine if the product using the UL Mark is truly in compliance with UL's safety standards. In addition to its subsidiaries in the United States, UL has established business relationships with inspection agencies in Canada, Germany, Sweden, the United Kingdom, Japan, China, Hong Kong and other countries and regions. UL's business in China is undertaken by China Import and Export Commodity Inspection Corporation (CCIC) and its subsidiaries. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Founded in 1896, the American Society for Testing and Materials (AMERCAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS) is based in Philadelphia and is one of the oldest and largest academic groups in the United States. An unofficial organization. ASTM is engaged in a wide range of businesses, including raw materials and semi-finished products produced or used in the fields of metallurgy, machinery, chemicals, textiles, construction, transportation, and power. ASTM has a wide range of standards, impacts, and quantities, most of which are directly incorporated into national standards by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Some professional societies in the United States, such as steel, textiles, mechanical engineering, etc., have a cooperative relationship with ASTM. ASTM is also very influential internationally. The standards it has developed have been adopted by many international traders as the quality clause of the supply contract. The raw materials tested in China are also commonly used in ASTM standards. The analytical and test methods developed by ASTM have been used as methodological standards by many laboratories around the world. International Wool Secretariat (IWS) The International Wool Secretariat was established in 1937 as a non-profit organization. Its purpose is to establish long-term global demand for wool products for sheep farmers in member countries. The largest wool exporters in the member states are Australia, New Zealand and some countries in the southern hemisphere, which account for about 80% of the world's annual volume. The International Wool Secretariat is based in London and its product development and marketing services center is located in London's Echili. The International Wool Secretariat has branches in 34 of the world's most important wool markets, forming an international service network. The International Wool Secretariat does not manufacture and sell wool products by itself, but it maintains close contact with all levels of the textile industry in the process of establishing wool demand, including the selection and processing of raw wool for retailers and wool textile industry production units. Assistance and support in technology, product development, style design, quality control, product promotion, etc., and joint promotion activities with them, such as the implementation of the world-renowned pure wool logo. The International Wool Bureau China Branch is located in Kowloon, Hong Kong. Its main activities are: promoting the pure wool logo, using television, magazines and other media to promote the meaning of the pure wool logo to consumers, using the quarterly "International Wool Bureau Newsletter" to deliver each Activities and other information; collecting and analyzing economic and market information, providing information and consulting services to relevant domestic units; approving the pure wool logo listing factory, providing technical and quality control assistance to ensure the quality of the listed products; In the form of classes and fashion shows, we provide the latest international fashion and trend information to help companies improve product design and quality.